In this book, leading scholars consider the ways in which syntactic variation can be accounted for in a minimalist framework. They explore the theoretical significance, content, and role of parameters; whether or not variation should be strongly or weakly accounted for by syntactic factors; and the explicitness - or lack thereof - should be assumed with respect to the conditions imposed by narrow syntax.

A theory of relativity, along with its appropriate group of Lorentz-type transformations, is presented. The theory is developed on a metric withR×S 3 topology as compared to ordinary relativity defined on the familiar Minkowskian metric. The proposed theory is neither the ordinary special theory of relativity (since it deals with noninertial coordinate systems) nor the general theory of relativity (since it is not a dynamical theory of gravitation). The theory predicts, among other things, that finite-mass particles in nature have maximum (...) rotational velocities, a prediction highly supported by recent experiments on 14 nuclei, such as 159 Yb that survives fission with angular velocities of up to 0.9 of the predicted value but does not reach it. (shrink)

The dynamics of rapidly rotating bodies is formulated in a rotationally invariant form in all frames rotating with constant angular velocities relative to each other. This includes the energy, angular momentum, rotational frequency, and moment of inertia. The transformation between these quantities, when expressed in different frames, is then given explicitly and expressed in terms of both the angular momentum and the rotational frequency variables. Comparison with the approximate formula for the Routhian is made, and some consequences of physical interest (...) are drawn. (shrink)

A brief description of the ordinary field theory, from the variational and Noether's theorem point of view, is outlined. A discussion is then given of the field equations of Klein-Gordon, Schrödinger, Dirac, Weyl, and Maxwell in their ordinary form on the Minkowskian space-time manifold as well as on the topological space-time manifold R × S3 as they were formulated by Carmeli and Malin, including the latter's most general solutions. We then formulate the general variational principle in the R × S3 (...) topological space, from which we derive the field equations in this space. (shrink)

Recently we presented a new special relativity theory for cosmology in which it was assumed that gravitation can be neglected and thus the bubble constant can be taken as a constant. The theory was presented in a six-dimensional hvperspace. three for the ordinary space and three for the velocities. In this paper we reduce our hyperspace to four dimensions by assuming that the three-dimensional space expands only radially, thus one is left with the three dimensions of ordinary space and one (...) dimension of the radial velocity. (shrink)

This paper reviews recent applications of the Einstein- Rosen type space-times to some problems of modern cosmology. An extensive overview of inhomogeneous universes filled with gravitational waves, classical fields, and relativistic fluids is given. The dynamics of primordial inhomogeneities, such as gravitational and matter waves and shocks, their interactions, and the global evolution of the models considered, is presented in detail.

The equations of electrodynamics for the interactions between magnetic moments are written on R×S3 topology rather than on Minkowskian space-time manifold of ordinary Maxwell's equations. The new field equations are an extension of the previously obtained Klein-Gordon-type, Schrödinger-type, Weyl-type, and Dirac-type equations. The concept of the magnetic moment in our case takes over that of the charge in ordinary electrodynamics as the fundamental entity. The new equations have R×S3 invariance as compared to the Lorentz invariance of Maxwell's equations. The solutions (...) of the new field equations are given. In this theory the divergence of the electric field vanishes whereas that of the magnetic field does not. (shrink)

We extend to curved space-time the field theory on R×S3 topology in which field equations were obtained for scalar particles, spin one-half particles, the electromagnetic field of magnetic moments, an SU2 gauge theory, and a Schrödinger-type equation, as compared to ordinary field equations that are formulated on a Minkowskian metric. The theory obtained is an angular-momentum representation of gravitation. Gravitational field equations are presented and compared to the Einstein field equations, and the mathematical and physical similarity and differences between them (...) are pointed out. The problem of motion is discussed, and the equations of motion of a rigid body are developed and given explicitly. One result which is worth emphazing is that while general relativity theory yields Newton's law of motion in the lowest approximation, our theory gives Euler's equations of motion for a rigid body in its lowest approximation. (shrink)

A gauge theory on R×S 3 topology is developed. It is a generalization to the previously obtained field theory on R×S 3 topology and in which equations of motion were obtained for a scalar particle, a spin one-half particle, the electromagnetic field of magnetic moments, and a Shrödinger-type equation, as compared to ordinary field equations defined on a Minkowskian manifold. The new gauge field equations are presented and compared to the ordinary Yang-Mills field equations, and the mathematical and physical differences (...) between them are discussed. (shrink)

A Klein-Gordon-type equation onR×S 3 topology is derived, and its nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation is given. The equation is obtained with a Laplacian defined onS 3 topology instead of the ordinary Laplacian. A discussion of the solutions and the physical interpretation of the equation are subsequently given, and the most general solution to the equation is presented.

A Dirac-type equation on R×S 3 topology is derived. It is a generalization of the previously obtained Klein-Gordon-type, Schrödinger-type, and Weyl-type equations, and reduces to the latter in the appropriate limit. The (discrete) energy spectrum is found and the corresponding complete set of solutions is given as expansions in terms of the matrix elements of the irreducible representations of the group SU 2 . Finally, the properties of the solutions are discussed.

A Weyl-type equation onR×S 3 topology is derived, as a generalization to previously obtained Klein-Gordon- and Schrödinger-type equations for the same topology. The general solution of the new equation is given as an expansion in the matrix elements of the irreducible representations of the groupSU 2. The properties of the solutions are discussed.

Under the assumption that Hubble's constant H0 is constant in cosmic time, there is an analogy between the equation of propagation of light and that of expansion of the universe. Using this analogy, and assuming that the laws of physics are the same at all cosmic times, a new special relativity, a cosmological relativity, is developed. As a result, a transformation is obtained that relates physical quantities at different cosmic times. In a one-dimensional motion, the new transformation is given by (...) $$x' = \frac{{x - Tv}}{{(1 - T^2 /T_0^2 )^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} }},v' = \frac{{v - xT/T_0^2 }}{{(1 - T^2 /T_0^2 )^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} }}$$ where x and v are the coordinate and velocity, T is the cosmic time measured backward with respect to our present time T=0, tand T0 is Hubble's time.Some consequences of this transformation are given, and its applicability limitation is pointed out. (shrink)

Background: The acquisition of experience is a major concern for nurses in intensive care units. Although the emotional component of the clinical practice of these nurses has been widely studied, greater examination is required to determine how this component influences their learning and practical experience. Objective: To discover the relationships between emotion, memory and learning and the impacts on nursing clinical practice. Research design: This is a qualitative phenomenological study. The data were collected from open, in-depth interviews. A total of (...) 22 intensive care unit nurses participated in this research between January 2012 and December 2014. Ethical considerations: The School of Nursing Ethics Committee approved the study, which complied with ethical principles and required informed consent. Findings: We found a clear relationship between emotion, memory and the acquisition of experience. This relationship grouped three dimensions: (1) satisfaction, to relieve the patient’s pain or discomfort, give confidence and a sense of security to the patient, enable the presence of family members into the intensive care unit and provide family members with a realistic view of the patient’s situation; (2) error experience, which nurses feel when a patient dies, when they fail to accompany a patient in his or her decision to abandon the struggle to live or when they fail to lend support to the patient’s family; and (3) the feel bad–feel good paradox, which occurs when a mistake in the patient’s care or handling of his or her family is repaired. Conclusion: Emotion is a capacity that impacts on nurses’ experience and influences improvements in clinical practice. Recalling stories of satisfaction helps to reinforce good practice, while recalling stories of errors helps to identify difficulties in the profession and recognise new forms of action. The articulation of emotional competencies may support the development of nursing ethics in the intensive care unit to protect and defend their patients and improve their relationships with families in order to maximise the potential for patient care. (shrink)

In a previous article by two of the present authors Carmeli's group-theoretic method for the formulation of wave equations was applied to the case of the electromagnetic field, and the equations for the vector potential were derived. In the present paper a quantization procedure for these equations is carried out in the Lorentz gauge. It involves two independent variables, corresponding to the number of degrees of freedom of the electromagnetic field in a Hilbert space with a positive-definite metric. Conserved quantities (...) are derived. (shrink)

A geometric formulation of the gravitation theory in the spacetime R × S 3 is given. A linear connection is introduced on the tangent bundle T(R × S 3 ) and then the connection coefficients and the Riemann curvature tensor are calculated. It is shown that their expressions differ from those of Carmeli and Malin [Found. Phys.17, 407 (1987)] by supplementary terms due to the noncommutativity of derivatives used on the spacetime R × S 3 . The Einstein field equations (...) are written as usually and a comparison with other results is given. Finally, some observations about a possible gauge theory of gravitation in the spacetime R × S 3 are made. (shrink)

Covers all the important theories from the period 1250-1400, including "maiores" as well as "minores," and issues in a discussion of Marsilius of Inghen (d. ...

Mishel Fuco not only influenced the consciousness of modern West, but changed the modus of thinking, the way of perception of many traditional notions, transformed the opinions about the reality, history, person. Philosopher’s principle research programme which attaches the entirety to his works is “archeology of knowledge” programme, the search of human knowledge’s original layers. Let us mark that all Fuco’s works in 1960s are devoted to main aim: to clear up the conditions of historical origin of different mental aims (...) and social institutions in the culture of the Modern Time. Though in the whole this common aim remained for Fuco invariable, but the level on which he realizes his research search is changing constantly and rather logically. Relations of power, and to be more exact,accumulations of power and knowledge, social and cognitive which define all the aggregate of specific possibilities of culture in each given historical period. More than that the philosopher offers the particular prospects of sight of modern society and precisely totality of power relations, its ubiquitous nature and specific productivity which produces itself in each moment in any point or rather in any attitude from one point to another. From Fuco’s point of view the power is everywhere and not because it involves everything but because it comes from everywhere. The power is productive in that degree in which it is not associated with one definite imperious instance but pierces all kinds of activity in society, putting on its indelible stamp, developing under definite angle and due to this factit causes products, produced by them. The power induces and at the same time determines the fact which appears as a result of its inducement. The thirst of supremacy, which surrounds the individual and is focused on it as on the center of its use of force, comes out as a defining sign. It should be noticed that Fuco’s conception of power is not reduced to the understanding it as anonymous impersonal net of relations, piercing all society. It is supplemented by power treatment,coming out in “designed” look of definite imperious structure or imperious institute. (shrink)

The paper intends to objectively review the ecological understanding of Upaniṣhadic ṛṣis. Since ecology is a modern notion, it is required to precisely place it within the Upaniṣhadic thought. For that purpose, a possible ontological structure of Upaniṣhadic philosophy is sorted in which the discussion of ecology becomes meaningful. Upaniṣhadic ṛṣis conceived ecology as a part of their metaphysics, that is, one which is assisted by the devatas. There is a dependent coexistence between Devatas, Humans and the world. This feature (...) of Upaniṣhadic philosophy should not be treated as a declaration for environmental conservation. It is rather seen as a theory of consumption and calibration from both sides. Although ecology is integrated into the Upaniṣhadic metaphysics, it is not one of the subject matters of Upaniṣhads. An understanding of ecology traceable from Upaniṣhads is supplementary to Upaniṣhadic theory of Devatas. Thus, the author concludes that the Upaniṣhadic ecology is metaphysical rather than natural. (shrink)

Tradicionalmente se ha entendido que la mejor teoría de la responsabilidad extracontractual es aquella que mejor explica los rasgos centrales de la práctica. En este sentido, los defensores de las teorías deontológicas, basadas en principios de justicia, han rechazado el poder explicativo del análisis económico del derecho. Han sostenido que no logra reconstruir la práctica dando sentido a sus conceptos centrales, ni al modo en que están relacionados. Por lo tanto, no puede explicar la pauta de inferencias que llevan a (...) un juicio de responsabilidad. En este trabajo me propongo mostrar que ambas teorías son capaces de explicar aspectos diferen- tes de la práctica. En contra de lo que se asume generalmente, el análisis económico del derecho y las teorías deontológicas no son teorías rivales, sino compatibles, puesto que tienen por objeto responder a preguntas distintas. (shrink)

carrington places race and racism at the center of his densely written analysis of science fiction, fantasy, utopia, and other forms of popular culture. He moves easily between a broad range of forms, which include memoirs, television series, comic books, novels, novelizations, fandom and fanzines, and short fiction and fiction circulated on the Internet. Popular culture helps us to construct notions of identity and race, and for carrington many constituent groups, notably fans, develop its key concepts and values.Speculative fiction is (...) for carrington a framework that links these various forms of popular culture. Here, SF is a genre different from literature, as it is situated closer to, and is more deeply... (shrink)